The famous 'wheat penny,' one of the true gems of US coinage, was produced from 1909 to 1958. The one-cent piece (or penny) has been through several designs during the past two centuries. The first penny, known as the 'Flowing Hair Chain Cent,' was produced in 1793. Two other designs were produced that same year, and from 1793 until 1909, there were five other designs.

The penny was originally about the same size as the current half-dollar. In 1857, the size changed to the current penny. In addition to changes in the size, the composition has changed through the years. From 1793 to 1836, the pennies were copper. Bronze became the metal of choice in 1837. In 1857, the penny was 88 percent copper and 12 percent nickel. The last of the wheat penny designs in 1958 were bronze (95 percent copper and five percent zinc).

Wheat pennies that catch the eye of coin collectors include the 1943 steel cent and those that originate from the San Francisco Mint. A limited number of 1909 cents had the initials of Victor D. Brenner, the designer, on the reverse side. In 1918, the initials were restored on Lincoln's shoulder on the obverse. These seemingly minor changes have major effects on the value of each wheat penny, so be sure to check all these details before purchasing.

Quality certification is important for every collector. Before buying any coins site unseen, verify that the coins have been rated according to acceptable grading standards. There are basic characteristics that are considered on a point scale that identifies the condition of the coin. Since grading is purely subjective, it is important to deal only with reputable dealers.