Indian Head pennies are collected by both novice and veteran numismatists. The Indian Head penny was produced in the US during the years 1859 through 1909. It replaced the Flying Eagle cent, which had become unpopular with the public. The Indian Head penny was originally composed of an alloy of copper and nickel, but the composition was changed in 1864 to 95 percent copper and five percent tin and zinc. It was minted only in Philadelphia until November 1908, when it was manufactured at the San Francisco Mint for the first time. Accordingly, 1909s (the "s" designates the San Francisco Mint) Indian Head pennies are rarer and, if in good condition, more valuable than more commonly issued variations of this coin. Overall, the Indian Head penny is a relatively easily available coin with which many people have been introduced to the hobby of coin collecting. This is partly because the Indian head design has retained enduring appeal with the public and collectors. Legend has it that the designer, James Longacre, used his daughter as a model for the coin's Indian girl in a feather bonnet, although this rumor cannot be substantiated by the US Mint. The value of Indian Head pennies varies according to a number of factors. Grade and condition play a major role. Experienced coin collectors and dealers can provide information on the various technical factors that separate one grade from another, and this information can also be found on some websites. Although not all of these coins have great value, Indian Head pennies continue to provide a link to America's past, and will likely remain a favorite of collectors for years to come.
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