Basketry has its origins in ancient history, when people used wood and plant materials to make a variety of items for storage, shelter, transportation and measuring. The types of baskets made depended largely on geography. Colder climates yielded rush, grasses and bark. In warmer locales, palm leaves, bamboo and cane were more common. Today, willow, wicker and pine needles are just a few of the common kinds of basket materials used by crafters. Other materials such as cane, rushes and cattails are also popular. Basket construction methods vary, and are generally divided into three types. Coiling basketry involves stitching together coiled materials to make a spiral configuration, found in bags and baskets. In twining or plaiting basketry, two different materials are laid into rows and braided together then tied with cordage. Bags and mats are often made this way. A third method is called plain weaving, where two pieces of material are interlaced at right angles. This produces a square or rectangular shape. Traditional square or rectangular basket shapes and styles remain popular types of basketry. However, baskets can be made into many forms, such as casks, pitchers and bowls. Kettle and jar shapes were originally created to suit their purposes in ancient homes. Now, they can be used to add interest to a basket collection. Baskets with lids serve as vanity organizers and laundry hampers. The types of materials, and the construction method used, determine the final look of any basket. Wicker and pine needles are durable and weather-resistant, and most natural materials can be dyed to create designs and patterns. For centuries, basket weaving has provided society with art forms that are both functional and beautiful. |
